Campaigns, Promotion, Awareness Raising, Education, or Training: When Are These Useful, and When Are They Not?

Campaigns, training, education, promotion, and awareness raising are all commonly used terms in road safety, yet are generally not clearly understood or well used. This note outlines best uses and ineffective uses, in order to inform adoption of best practice and to avoid wasting resources. It also briefly summarizes the extensive evidence for the complex underlying psychological processes behind what works and what does not, showing that what are often thought to be “common-sense approaches” to what works will be quite misleading and must be abandoned.